There’s a saying in mine country, the kind that sometimes shows up on bumper stickers: “If it can’t be grown, it has to be mined.” Before mining can ever start, though, there has to be ore in the ...

In the last edition of our ongoing series on how planets get ore– those wonderful rocks rich in industrial minerals worth mining– we started talking about hydrothermal fluid deposits. Hydrothermal ...

The Witwatersrand basin in South Africa hosts the largest known gold repository on Earth -- but how was it formed? Scientists were able to figure out how parts of the Earth's largest gold deposits ...

Hydrothermal vents in the deep sea, the so-called 'black smokers,' are fascinating geological formations. They are home to unique ecosystems, but are also potential suppliers of raw materials for the ...

Humic acid (HA) is a macromolecular organic substance which is widely used in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, chemical industry, building materials, medicine, environmental protection, and a ...

Volcanoes are complex and dynamic systems that are closely related with human life. Volcanic risk mitigation is only one of the aspects that drives our efforts on understanding these active systems; ...