Fast Atom Diffraction (FAD) and surface scattering techniques have emerged as pivotal methods for probing the atomic-scale architecture of material surfaces. This approach leverages the quantum ...
In ISS, a beam of ions (often noble gas ions like He+ or Ne+) is directed at the sample surface under ultra-high vacuum conditions. The ions interact with the surface atoms, and their scattering is ...
(Nanowerk Spotlight) The refractive index is the property of a material that changes the speed of light and describes how light propagates through the material. The refractive index is an important ...