People not in the refrigeration business often think that refrigeration equipment produces cold air; in fact, the equipment is actually removing heat from air and leaving what’s left — the cold. When ...

More than 200 years ago, Count Rumford showed that heat isn’t a mysterious substance but something you can generate endlessly ...

Finite-time thermodynamics (FTT) is an advanced field that addresses the inherent irreversibilities associated with real-world energy conversion processes. Unlike classical thermodynamics which ...

For two centuries, engineers have trusted a simple rule to predict how heat flows through solids, from jet-engine blades to ...

Recently, a team of researchers made headlines for a stunning announcement: a theoretical breakthrough that expanded our understanding of the first law of thermodynamics. But to understand that result ...

Heat is supposed to need something to cling to, whether vibrating atoms in a metal rod or infrared light streaming from a hot stove. Yet a series of recent experiments suggests that empty space is not ...

An international collaboration sheds new light on the relationship between quantum theory and thermodynamics. The research group demonstrated that while the laws of quantum theory alone do not ...

Picture Victorian London, but its skies are filled with airships. Steam-powered robots crowd the streets, mingling with people in top hats and petticoats. That type of retrofuturistic mash-up is the ...

In real life, laws are broken all the time. Besides your everyday criminals, there are scammers and fraudsters, politicians and mobsters, corporations and nations that regard laws as suggestions ...

Master the top 5 high-weightage and quick-scoring Physics chapters for JEE Main 2026—including Thermodynamics, Modern Physics ...