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  1. Periodic table | Definition, Elements, Names, Symbols, Groups, Charges ...

    Dec 22, 2025 · There are 118 elements on the periodic table. The elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, which is the number of protons in that atom’s nucleus. Hydrogen, the …

  2. Periodic table - Elements, Groups, Properties | Britannica

    Dec 22, 2025 · The body of this periodic table of the elements shows element symbols and Z. Elements with equal numbers of valence electrons—and hence similar spectroscopic and chemical …

  3. Periodic table - Elements, Groups, Blocks | Britannica

    Dec 22, 2025 · The periodic table of the elements contains all of the chemical elements that have been discovered or made; they are arranged, in the order of their atomic numbers, in seven horizontal …

  4. Interactive Periodic Table of the Elements - Encyclopedia Britannica

    This is an interactive periodic table of the elements showing their atomic weights, atomic numbers, electron configurations, and state at room temperature.

  5. Periodic table - Elements, Groups, Families | Britannica

    Dec 22, 2025 · Detailed understanding of the periodic system developed along with the quantum theory of spectra and the electronic structure of atoms, beginning with the Bohr model in 1913.

  6. What Is the Periodic Law? | Britannica

    This arrangement is called the periodic table. The columns of the periodic table are called groups. Members of the same group in the table have the same number of electrons in the outermost shells …

  7. Chemical element - Atomic Structure, Periodic Table, Properties ...

    3 days ago · Chemical element - Atomic Structure, Periodic Table, Properties: Paralleling the development of the concept of elements was an understanding of the nature of matter.

  8. Carbon | Facts, Uses, & Properties | Britannica

    Jan 2, 2026 · Two of its well-defined forms, diamond and graphite, are crystalline in structure, but they differ in physical properties because the arrangements of the atoms in their structures are dissimilar. …

  9. Crystal - Structure, Lattice, Symmetry | Britannica

    Nov 7, 2025 · Crystal - Structure, Lattice, Symmetry: Crystals can be grown under moderate conditions from all 92 naturally occurring elements except helium, and helium can be crystallized at low …

  10. Chemical bonding - Periodic Arrangement, Trends | Britannica

    Dec 9, 2025 · The horizontal rows of the periodic table are called periods. Each period corresponds to the successive occupation of the orbitals in a valence shell of the atom, with the long periods …